40 YEARS AGO

Year : 2016  |  Volume : 4  |  Issue : 2  |  Page : 104-105

Test Your Knowledge: Obesity, Risk and Nutrition

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Choose One Best Answer for Each of the Following Questions

1. A 30 year old female whose her BMI is 32 kg/m², is more prone to develop which of the following medical condition?
   
   
   1. Hypertension
   2. Diabetes Type-2
   3. Stroke
   4. Colon cancer
2. Compared to normal individuals, the life expectancy of a 35 year old male with BMI of 47 kg/m² is estimated to be low as:
   1. 13 years
   2. 5 years
   3. 8 years
   4. 10 years
3. A 27 year old male with hypertension, his BMI was 32 kg/m. He plans to lose weight. His doctor can convince him that if he lost ten kilograms, the following goals will be accomplished except:
   1. Reducing fasting blood glucose by 50%
   2. Reducing systolic blood pressure by 10 mmHg
   3. Reducing diastolic blood pressure by 20 mmHg
   4. Reducing Triglyceride by 20%
   5. Increasing HDL by 8%
4. If an obese patient was advised to intake low carbohydrate diet, which one of the following lipids will show an increase?
   1. TG
   2. HDL
   3. LDL
   4. Total cholesterol
5. A new patient with BMI = 31 kg/m², attended physician’s office for counseling regarding weight loss. His physician most likely to advise him to reduce his daily calories intake by:
   1. 400 calories
   2. 500 calories
   3. 600 calories
   4. 800 calories
6. A group of people with BMI above 30 kg/m², attended for weight loss program. What are the most important three topics to be discussed with them in this session?
   1. Readiness to lose weight, realistic goals, and healthy diet
   2. Physical activities, tips during shopping, and healthy diet
   3. Indications for bariatric surgery, healthy diet and physical activities
   4. Shopping tips, tips, choosing food, physical activities
7. An obese patient attended your clinic for your advice. He was concerned about the “very low caloric diet.” You can inform him that such diet will provide him with:
   1. 1200 calories
   2. 1000 calories
   3. 800 calories
   4. 600 calories

Answers and Exploitations

Q-1 (B)

Obese patients with BMI of equal or greater than 32 kg/m² have relative risk to develop diabetes mellitus type-2 (12.7 for women and 5.2 for men), hypertension (4.2 for women and 2.6 for men), stroke (1.3 for both) and (2.7 and 3 (colon cancer)) for women and men respectively.

Q-2 (C)

In individuals with BMI ≥45 kg/m², their life expectancy is lower than people with normal body weight by 13 years for males and 8 years for females.

Q-3 (D)

Losing ten kilograms in obese individuals will lead to decrease in fasting blood glucose by about 50%, SBP by 10 and DBP by 20 mmHg, total cholesterol by 20% and TG by 10% and increase HDL by 8%.

Q-4 (B)

Obese patient on low carbohydrate diet will show reduction of TG, increase in HDL while total cholesterol and LDL will not be affected.

Q-5 (C)

In the beginning of weight loss program, obese patients are advised to reduce their dietary intake by 600 calories which will lead to reduction in body weight by 0.5–1 kg/week.

Q-6 (A)

Priorities of topics to be counseled about for a group of obese patients are (1) to discuss their readiness to weight loss, (2) the realistic goals of weight loss, and (3) the healthy diets. Other topics could be discussed later on.

Q-7 (B)

Very low calories diet are those provide low energy but supply good other nutrients, it is prescribed to lose weight for obese patients, it provides less than 1000 calories per day.

Resources

Webster-Gandy J, Madden A, Holdsworth M, Barratt J, Clonan A, Delic J et al.Oxford Handbook of Nutrition and Dietetics20122nd edOxfordOxford Press41140